Cooling Towers: Working Principle, Main Types, and Safety Requirements
Cooling towers reject excess heat through evaporative water cooling — a principle used in industry for over 100 years. The review covers construction and operating cycle, four main types by air delivery method, key parameters (approximately 1% evaporation per 7 °C of cooling), and Legionella protection measures, including mandatory drain eliminator replacement per UNE 100030/2017.

